1樓:匿名使用者
已知任意三角形abc三點座標分別為a(x1,y1),b(x2,y2),c(x3,y3)
求: 1.該三角形重心座標
2.該三角形內心座標(三條角平分線交點)
3.該三角形垂心座標(三條高交點)
4.改三角形外心座標(三條邊垂直平分線交點)
上述四題請簡述過程,用含有x1,x2,x3,y1,y2,y3的代數式表示
重心g(x4;y4);
x4=(x1+x2+x3)/3;
y4=(y1+y2+y3)/3;
外心w(x5;y5);
根據外心到各頂點的距離相等:
ag=bg;
ag=cg;
即: sqrt[(x1 - x5)^2 + (y1 - y5)^2] == sqrt[(x2 - x5)^2 + (y2 - y5)^2],
sqrt[(x1 - x5)^2 + (y1 - y5)^2] == sqrt[(x3 - x5)^2 + (y3 - y5)^2]
解得:x5 = (x2^2 y1 - x3^2 y1 - x1^2 y2 + x3^2 y2 - y1^2 y2 + y1 y2^2 + x1^2 y3 - x2^2 y3 + y1^2 y3 - y2^2 y3 - y1 y3^2 + y2 y3^2)/(2 (x2 y1 - x3 y1 - x1 y2 + x3 y2 + x1 y3 - x2 y3));
y5 = -(-x1^2 x2 + x1 x2^2 + x1^2 x3 - x2^2 x3 - x1 x3^2 + x2 x3^2 - x2 y1^2 + x3 y1^2 + x1 y2^2 - x3 y2^2 - x1 y3^2 + x2 y3^2)/(2 (x2 y1 - x3 y1 - x1 y2 + x3 y2 + x1 y3 - x2 y3));
內心n(x6;y6);
根據內心到各邊的距離相等:
先求內心到各邊垂線垂足與頂點的距離;
1/2 (sqrt[(x1 - x2)^2 + (y1 - y2)^2] + sqrt[(x1 - x3)^2 + (y1 - y3)^2] - sqrt[(x2 - x3)^2 + (y2 - y3)^2]);
1/2 (sqrt[(x1 - x2)^2 + (y1 - y2)^2] - sqrt[(x1 - x3)^2 + (y1 - y3)^2] + sqrt[(x2 - x3)^2 + (y2 - y3)^2]);
1/2 (-sqrt[(x1 - x2)^2 + (y1 - y2)^2] + sqrt[(x1 - x3)^2 + (y1 - y3)^2] + sqrt[(x2 - x3)^2 + (y2 - y3)^2]);
計算內心到個頂點的距離;根據勾股定理計算內心到各邊的距離,根據距離相等列方程:
(x1 - x6)^2 - 1/4 (sqrt[(x1 - x2)^2 + (y1 - y2)^2] + sqrt[(x1 - x3)^2 + (y1 - y3)^2] - sqrt[(x2 - x3)^2 + (y2 - y3)^2])^2 + (y1 - y6)^2 == (x2 - x6)^2 - 1/4 (sqrt[(x1 - x2)^2 + (y1 - y2)^2] - sqrt[(x1 - x3)^2 + (y1 - y3)^2] + sqrt[(x2 - x3)^2 + (y2 - y3)^2])^2 + (y2 - y6)^2,
(x1 - x6)^2 - 1/4 (sqrt[(x1 - x2)^2 + (y1 - y2)^2] + sqrt[(x1 - x3)^2 + (y1 - y3)^2] - sqrt[(x2 - x3)^2 + (y2 - y3)^2])^2 + (y1 - y6)^2 == (x3 - x6)^2 - 1/4 (-sqrt[(x1 - x2)^2 + (y1 - y2)^2] + sqrt[(x1 - x3)^2 + (y1 - y3)^2] + sqrt[(x2 - x3)^2 + (y2 - y3)^2])^2 + (y3 - y6)^2
解得:x6 = (x2^2 y1 - x3^2 y1 - x1^2 y2 + x3^2 y2 - y1^2 y2 + y1 y2^2 + x1^2 y3 - x2^2 y3 + y1^2 y3 - y2^2 y3 - y1 y3^2 + y2 y3^2 + y2 sqrt[x1^2 - 2 x1 x2 + x2^2 + y1^2 - 2 y1 y2 + y2^2] sqrt[x1^2 - 2 x1 x3 + x3^2 + y1^2 - 2 y1 y3 + y3^2] - sqrt[x1^2 - 2 x1 x2 + x2^2 + y1^2 - 2 y1 y2 + y2^2] y3 sqrt[x1^2 - 2 x1 x3 + x3^2 + y1^2 - 2 y1 y3 + y3^2] - y1 sqrt[x1^2 - 2 x1 x2 + x2^2 + y1^2 - 2 y1 y2 + y2^2] sqrt[x2^2 - 2 x2 x3 + x3^2 + y2^2 - 2 y2 y3 + y3^2] + sqrt[x1^2 - 2 x1 x2 + x2^2 + y1^2 - 2 y1 y2 + y2^2] y3 sqrt[x2^2 - 2 x2 x3 + x3^2 + y2^2 - 2 y2 y3 + y3^2] + y1 sqrt[x1^2 - 2 x1 x3 + x3^2 + y1^2 - 2 y1 y3 + y3^2] sqrt[x2^2 - 2 x2 x3 + x3^2 + y2^2 - 2 y2 y3 + y3^2] - y2 sqrt[x1^2 - 2 x1 x3 + x3^2 + y1^2 - 2 y1 y3 + y3^2] sqrt[x2^2 - 2 x2 x3 + x3^2 + y2^2 - 2 y2 y3 + y3^2])/(2 (x2 y1 - x3 y1 - x1 y2 + x3 y2 + x1 y3 - x2 y3));
y6 = -(-x1^2 x2 + x1 x2^2 + x1^2 x3 - x2^2 x3 - x1 x3^2 + x2 x3^2 - x2 y1^2 + x3 y1^2 + x1 y2^2 - x3 y2^2 - x1 y3^2 + x2 y3^2 + x2 sqrt[x1^2 - 2 x1 x2 + x2^2 + y1^2 - 2 y1 y2 + y2^2] sqrt[x1^2 - 2 x1 x3 + x3^2 + y1^2 - 2 y1 y3 + y3^2] - x3 sqrt[x1^2 - 2 x1 x2 + x2^2 + y1^2 - 2 y1 y2 + y2^2] sqrt[x1^2 - 2 x1 x3 + x3^2 + y1^2 - 2 y1 y3 + y3^2] - x1 sqrt[x1^2 - 2 x1 x2 + x2^2 + y1^2 - 2 y1 y2 + y2^2] sqrt[x2^2 - 2 x2 x3 + x3^2 + y2^2 - 2 y2 y3 + y3^2] + x3 sqrt[x1^2 - 2 x1 x2 + x2^2 + y1^2 - 2 y1 y2 + y2^2] sqrt[x2^2 - 2 x2 x3 + x3^2 + y2^2 - 2 y2 y3 + y3^2] + x1 sqrt[x1^2 - 2 x1 x3 + x3^2 + y1^2 - 2 y1 y3 + y3^2] sqrt[x2^2 - 2 x2 x3 + x3^2 + y2^2 - 2 y2 y3 + y3^2] - x2 sqrt[x1^2 - 2 x1 x3 + x3^2 + y1^2 - 2 y1 y3 + y3^2] sqrt[x2^2 - 2 x2 x3 + x3^2 + y2^2 - 2 y2 y3 + y3^2])/(2 (x2 y1 - x3 y1 - x1 y2 + x3 y2 + x1 y3 - x2 y3));
垂心h(x7;y7);
分別做高線: ah⊥bc;bh⊥ac;
(y1 - y7)/(x1 - x7) (y2 - y3)/(x2 - x3) == -1,
(y2 - y7)/(x2 - x7) (y1 - y3)/(x1 - x3) == -1
解得:x7 = -(x1 x2 y1 - x1 x3 y1 - x1 x2 y2 + x2 x3 y2 + y1^2 y2 - y1 y2^2 + x1 x3 y3 - x2 x3 y3 - y1^2 y3 + y2^2 y3 + y1 y3^2 - y2 y3^2)/(-x2 y1 + x3 y1 + x1 y2 - x3 y2 - x1 y3 + x2 y3);
y7 = -(x1^2 x2 - x1 x2^2 - x1^2 x3 + x2^2 x3 + x1 x3^2 - x2 x3^2 + x1 y1 y2 - x2 y1 y2 - x1 y1 y3 + x3 y1 y3 + x2 y2 y3 - x3 y2 y3)/(x2 y1 - x3 y1 - x1 y2 + x3 y2 + x1 y3 - x2 y3);
2樓:匿名使用者
首先求三邊的長
a=√[(x2-x3)²+(y2-y3)²],b=√[(x1-x3)²+(y1-y3)²],c=√[(x1-x2)²+(y1-y2)²]
然後設ka= -a²+b²+c²,kb= -b²+a²+c²,kc= -c²+a²+b²
重心座標
x重=(x1+x2+x3)/3
y重=(y1+y2+y3)/3
內心座標
x內=(ax1+bx2+cx3)/(a+b+c)
y內=(ay1+by2+cy3)/(a+b+c)
垂心座標
x垂=(x1/ka+x2/kb+x3/kc)/(1/ka+1/kb+1/kc)
y垂=(y1/ka+y2/kb+y3/kc)/(1/ka+1/kb+1/kc)
外心座標
x外=(a²kax1+b²kbx2+c²kcx3)/(a²ka+b²kb+c²kc)
y外=(a²kay1+b²kby2+c²kcy3)/(a²ka+b²kb+c²kc)
旁心座標
x旁1=(-ax1+bx2+cx3)/(-a+b+c)
y旁1=(-ay1+by2+cy3)/(-a+b+c)
x旁2=(ax1-bx2+cx3)/(a-b+c)
y旁2=(ay1-by2+cy3)/(a-b+c)
x旁3=(ax1+bx2-cx3)/(a+b-c)
y旁3=(ay1+by2-cy3)/(a+b-c)
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